Duolingo English Test: The English Test That Might Replace IELTS and TOEFL

Introduction: A New Era of English Proficiency Testing

For decades, IELTS and TOEFL have been the global standards for proving English proficiency. Universities, immigration offices, and employers around the world have relied on these exams to assess whether non-native English speakers can study, work, or live in English-speaking environments.

However, in recent years, a new challenger has rapidly gained attention: the Duolingo English Test (DET). Affordable, fully online, and accepted by thousands of institutions, the Duolingo English Test is increasingly seen as a realistic alternative—and in some cases, a replacement—for IELTS and TOEFL.

This article explores what the Duolingo English Test is, how it works, how it compares to IELTS and TOEFL, and whether it truly has the potential to replace these long-established exams.

What Is the Duolingo English Test?

The Duolingo English Test is an online English proficiency exam developed by Duolingo, the company best known for its language-learning app. Unlike traditional tests, the DET is taken entirely online from home, using a computer with a webcam and microphone.

The test measures a candidate’s ability to read, write, listen, and speak in English through a series of adaptive questions. The difficulty level adjusts in real time based on the test taker’s performance, allowing accurate assessment in a shorter time frame.

Originally launched as a modern alternative for students unable to access test centers, the Duolingo English Test gained massive traction during the COVID-19 pandemic—and its popularity has continued to grow even after test centers reopened.

Why the Duolingo English Test Is Gaining Popularity

Several factors have contributed to the rapid rise of the Duolingo English Test.

First, accessibility plays a major role. Test takers can take the exam anywhere in the world, as long as they have a stable internet connection and a quiet environment. This removes geographical and logistical barriers that often accompany IELTS and TOEFL test centers.

Second, cost is a significant advantage. The Duolingo English Test is substantially cheaper than both IELTS and TOEFL, making it more accessible to students from developing countries or those applying to multiple institutions.

Third, speed is a key benefit. Test results are typically available within 48 hours, compared to several days or even weeks for traditional exams. This is especially valuable for students facing tight application deadlines.

Finally, modern test design appeals to younger test takers. The interface is intuitive, questions are varied, and the overall experience feels less rigid and intimidating than traditional paper-based or center-based exams.

Test Format and Structure

The Duolingo English Test has a unique structure that differs significantly from IELTS and TOEFL.

Adaptive Testing System

The exam uses an adaptive algorithm. When a test taker answers a question correctly, the next question becomes more challenging. If they answer incorrectly, the difficulty decreases. This approach allows the test to measure proficiency accurately in a shorter amount of time.

Test Duration

The entire test takes about one hour, including:

• Setup and identity verification

• The adaptive test section

• A short writing and speaking sample sent to institutions

This is significantly shorter than IELTS or TOEFL, which often take several hours to complete.

Question Types

The test includes a wide range of question formats, such as:

• Reading and selecting real English words

• Listening and typing spoken sentences

• Describing images

• Writing short responses

• Speaking on given topics

These tasks are designed to assess practical language skills rather than memorized test strategies.

Video Interview and Writing Sample

At the end of the test, candidates complete an ungraded speaking and writing sample. Universities can review these responses to better understand a candidate’s communication style and fluency beyond numerical scores.

Scoring System Explained

The Duolingo English Test uses a score range from 10 to 160, reported in increments of 5. Scores are accompanied by subscores that reflect different language competencies, such as literacy, conversation, comprehension, and production.

Unlike IELTS, which uses a 9-band scale, or TOEFL, which scores up to 120, the DET scoring system is designed to be straightforward and easy to interpret.

Universities typically publish score equivalency charts to help applicants understand how DET scores compare to IELTS and TOEFL requirements.

Comparison With IELTS

Test Environment

IELTS is traditionally taken at authorized test centers, although online versions exist in limited regions. The Duolingo English Test, by contrast, is fully remote and available worldwide.

Test Length and Stress Level

IELTS can take up to three hours, including multiple sections and face-to-face speaking interviews. Many test takers report high stress levels, especially during the speaking test.

DET’s shorter duration and absence of live examiners can reduce anxiety for many candidates.

Cost and Accessibility

IELTS is considerably more expensive and often requires travel to a test center. DET offers a more budget-friendly and flexible alternative.

Recognition

While IELTS remains widely accepted by universities, immigration authorities, and employers, DET acceptance is still limited in certain sectors—particularly for visas and professional licensing.

Comparison With TOEFL

Academic Focus

TOEFL has a strong academic orientation, with tasks based on university lectures and campus scenarios. DET focuses more on general English proficiency applicable to both academic and real-life contexts.

Testing Method

TOEFL iBT is typically taken at a test center or approved testing location, while DET is taken at home.

Results Timeline

TOEFL results can take several days to be released. DET results are usually available within 48 hours, making it ideal for last-minute applications.

Institutional Acceptance

TOEFL still holds strong recognition globally, especially in the United States. However, many US universities now accept the Duolingo English Test as an alternative.

Institutional Acceptance Worldwide

One of the most critical factors determining whether DET can replace IELTS and TOEFL is acceptance.

Today, thousands of universities and colleges across North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia accept the Duolingo English Test. This includes many top-ranked institutions.

However, acceptance is not universal. Some institutions accept DET only temporarily, while others limit its use to undergraduate admissions or conditional offers.

When applying, candidates must always check the specific language requirements of each institution.

Immigration and Visa Limitations

Despite its growing popularity in education, the Duolingo English Test is not widely accepted for immigration purposes.

IELTS and TOEFL are often required for:

• Student visas

• Work visas

• Permanent residency applications

• Professional registration

Government agencies typically prioritize standardized, long-established tests with strict test center controls. As a result, DET currently cannot fully replace IELTS or TOEFL in immigration contexts.

Test Security and Credibility

One common concern about online testing is security.

The Duolingo English Test uses several measures to maintain integrity, including:

• AI-powered proctoring

• Webcam monitoring

• Screen recording

• Identity verification

• Human review of suspicious behavior

While some critics argue that at-home testing is more vulnerable to cheating, Duolingo continues to invest heavily in security technology to maintain institutional trust.

Over time, increased transparency and data may further strengthen DET’s credibility.

Advantages of the Duolingo English Test

The key advantages of the Duolingo English Test include:

• Lower cost compared to IELTS and TOEFL

• Fully online and accessible worldwide

• Shorter test duration

• Faster results

• Modern, user-friendly interface

• Flexible retake options

These benefits make DET particularly attractive to international students, digital nomads, and applicants from regions with limited access to test centers.

Disadvantages and Limitations

Despite its strengths, the Duolingo English Test has limitations:

• Limited acceptance for immigration and professional licensing

• Not accepted by all universities

• Less familiarity among employers

• Requires reliable internet and proper test environment

• Adaptive format may feel unfamiliar to some test takers

These factors mean that DET is not yet a universal replacement.

Who Should Consider Taking the Duolingo English Test?

The Duolingo English Test is ideal for:

• Students applying to universities that accept DET

• Applicants with tight deadlines

• Test takers seeking a more affordable option

• Individuals living far from test centers

• Those comfortable with online testing

However, candidates applying for visas, professional certification, or institutions that do not accept DET should still consider IELTS or TOEFL.

Is the Duolingo English Test Replacing IELTS and TOEFL?

Rather than fully replacing IELTS and TOEFL, the Duolingo English Test is reshaping the English testing landscape.

IELTS and TOEFL remain dominant for immigration and official purposes, while DET has carved out a strong position in academic admissions—especially for international students.

In the long term, broader acceptance and continued improvements in security could push DET closer to becoming a true global standard.

Final Thoughts

The Duolingo English Test represents a significant shift toward accessibility, affordability, and flexibility in English proficiency testing. While it may not completely replace IELTS and TOEFL in the near future, it has already become a powerful alternative for many test takers worldwide.

For students and institutions alike, the rise of the Duolingo English Test signals a move toward more inclusive and modern assessment methods—one that may eventually redefine how English proficiency is measured globally.

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

Is the Duolingo English Test accepted by universities worldwide?

Yes, the Duolingo English Test (DET) is accepted by many universities and colleges around the world, especially in North America and parts of Europe and Asia. However, acceptance is not universal. Some institutions accept DET only for certain programs, intakes, or applicant categories, and requirements can change from year to year. Always check the official admissions page of each school and confirm whether they accept DET, what minimum score they require, and whether any additional conditions apply (such as an interview, a writing sample, or higher subscores).

Can the Duolingo English Test replace IELTS or TOEFL for visa and immigration purposes?

In most cases, no. While DET is widely used for academic admissions, many immigration authorities and visa processes still prefer or require IELTS, TOEFL, or other government-approved tests. Policies vary by country and by visa type, so you should verify requirements directly through official government websites or the embassy/consulate handling your application. If your goal includes immigration, permanent residency, professional licensing, or regulated work visas, it is safer to plan for IELTS or TOEFL unless DET is explicitly listed as accepted.

How long does the Duolingo English Test take from start to finish?

The total testing experience is usually about one hour, including identity verification and test setup. The main adaptive test section is designed to be efficient, and most test takers finish within the allotted time without rushing. Compared to traditional exams that can take several hours, DET is shorter and often feels more manageable. Keep in mind that you also need extra time to prepare your testing environment, such as ensuring good lighting, a quiet room, and a stable internet connection.

When will I receive my Duolingo English Test results?

DET results are typically delivered quickly, often within 48 hours. This fast turnaround is one of the biggest advantages for applicants facing deadlines. In some situations, results may take longer if the system flags your attempt for additional review, or if technical issues occur during the session. To avoid delays, follow all test rules carefully, maintain a stable connection, and complete the identity verification steps accurately.

What score do I need on the Duolingo English Test?

The required score depends entirely on the institution and program. Some universities accept a score around the mid-range for certain undergraduate programs, while selective programs may require a higher score plus strong subscores. In addition to the overall score, schools may look at specific skill areas like literacy or conversation. The best approach is to list your target schools, check their minimum DET requirements, and aim 10 to 15 points above the minimum to give yourself a safety margin.

How does the DET scoring system compare to IELTS and TOEFL?

DET uses a 10 to 160 scale, which is different from IELTS (band scores) and TOEFL iBT (0 to 120). Many universities publish comparison guidance or equivalency ranges to help applicants interpret scores. Even with equivalency charts, the tests are not identical because they use different formats and question types. If you are switching from IELTS or TOEFL preparation to DET, focus on DET-style tasks and timed performance rather than relying only on score comparisons.

Is the Duolingo English Test easier than IELTS or TOEFL?

“Easier” depends on your strengths and test preferences. DET is shorter, more flexible, and taken at home, which can reduce stress. At the same time, it is adaptive, meaning it can become challenging quickly if you perform well. Some candidates find DET harder because there is less time to “warm up,” and tasks change rapidly. Others find it easier because the interface is straightforward and there is no face-to-face speaking examiner. The best way to judge is to try an official practice test and compare how you feel.

What equipment and environment do I need to take the test?

You need a computer (not a phone), a reliable internet connection, a working webcam and microphone, and a quiet, well-lit room. You must be alone, and you are generally not allowed to use headphones, notes, or external devices. The system monitors your screen and your camera, so you should remove distractions and avoid anything that could be interpreted as rule-breaking. If you share a living space, plan a time when interruptions are unlikely.

How does Duolingo prevent cheating if the test is taken at home?

DET relies on multiple layers of security, including identity checks, automated proctoring, webcam monitoring, screen recording, and human review. The testing rules are strict, and behavior such as looking off-screen repeatedly, having someone enter the room, or using prohibited materials can result in invalidation. While no system is perfect, these measures help institutions trust the results. Following the rules closely is essential to protect your score and avoid delays or retakes.

Can I retake the Duolingo English Test, and how often?

Yes, you can retake DET if you want to improve your score or if an institution requires a higher minimum. Duolingo places limits on how many times you can take the test within a certain period, so check the current policy on the official website before planning multiple attempts. Retaking can be a smart strategy if you have upcoming deadlines and want to aim for a stronger score, but you should also invest time in targeted practice so each attempt has a clear purpose.

Do universities see my speaking and writing samples?

Yes. In addition to your numeric score, the test includes a short speaking and writing sample that is shared with institutions. These samples are not always “graded” the same way as the main score, but they provide valuable context for admissions teams. Treat them seriously: speak clearly, organize your ideas, and write with basic structure (introduction, key points, conclusion). Strong samples can reinforce your score and show real communication ability.

What is the best way to prepare for the Duolingo English Test?

Start with the official practice test to understand timing, task types, and difficulty changes. Then practice the core skills DET emphasizes: fast reading comprehension, accurate listening and typing, clear spoken responses, and short-form writing under time pressure. Build a routine that includes vocabulary expansion, pronunciation practice, and timed drills. Finally, simulate real test conditions—same room, same computer, no interruptions—so you are comfortable on test day and less likely to make technical or rule-related mistakes.